<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ket, Wes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schubauer-berigan, Joe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of five years of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on a Zizaniopsis miliacea tidal freshwater marsh.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aquatic Botany</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17-23</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of this experiment was to determine if nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) acts as the limiting nutrient for tidal freshwater marsh vegetation. To answer this question, we added N, P, and N + P to a tidal freshwater marsh dominated by Zizaniopsis miliacea (Michx.) (giant cutgrass) in Georgia, USA, for &amp;#64257;ve years to determine their effects on aboveground and belowground biomass and nutrient (N, P) uptake. Nitrogen and P were applied twice per year at an annual rate of 50 g m&amp;#8722;2 year&amp;#8722;1 and 10 g m&amp;#8722;2 year&amp;#8722;1, respectively. Aboveground biomass and leaf C, N, and P were sampled in August of each year. Belowground biomass and C, N, and P content were measured in August of year &amp;#64257;ve. After two years, plots receiving N and N + P had signi&amp;#64257;cantly greater aboveground biomass than the control and P plots. This trend continued through the &amp;#64257;fth year of the study and resulted in two to three times more aboveground biomass at the end of the &amp;#64257;fth year in the N (1570 g m&amp;#8722;2) and N + P (1264 g m&amp;#8722;2) plots relative to P (710 g m&amp;#8722;2) and control (570 g m&amp;#8722;2) plots. After &amp;#64257;ve years of nutrient additions, macro-organic matter (MOM), the living plus dead root and rhizome mat (0</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">95</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2011-93246</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marton, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbert, Ellen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of Salinity on Denitrification and Greenhouse Gas Production from Laboratory-incubated Tidal Forest Soils</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wetlands</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We measured ambient and potential denitrification in tidal freshwater floodplain forest (tidal forests) soils along the Altamaha, Ogeechee, and Satilla Rivers in southeast Georgia to characterize nitrogen removal from these understudied systems. Further, we measured the response of denitrification, greenhouse gas production (CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O), and the formation of reduced inorganic sulfur species following laboratory incubations simulating saltwater intrusion with salinity levels of 2 and 5. Ambient denitrification ranged from 0.03</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2011-93250</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brittain, Ross</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of Sea-Level Rise and Anthropogenic Development on Priority Bird Species Habitats in Coastal Georgia, USA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Management</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">473-482</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We modeled changes in area of five habitats, tidal-freshwater forest, salt marsh, maritime shrub-scrub (shrub), maritime broadleaf forest (oak) and maritime narrowleaf (pine) forest, in coastal Georgia, USA, to evaluate how simultaneous habitat loss due to predicted changes in sea level rise (SLR) and urban development will affect priority bird species of the south Atlantic coastal plain by 2100. Development rates, based on regional growth plans, were modeled at 1% and 2.5% annual urban growth, while SLR rates, based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2011-93234</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brittain, Ross</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schimmelmann, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parkhurst, David F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Habitat use by coastal birds inferred from stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estuaries and Coasts</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conservationists need to know the degree of habitat fidelity for species of conservation concern. Stable Isotope Analysis in R quantified the contribution of terrestrial vs. saltmarsh primary production sources to terrestrial passerine food webs from four habitats of Sapelo Island, Georgia (USA), saltmarsh, maritime scrub</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2011-93235</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brittain, Ross</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meretsky, Vicky J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avian communities of the Altamaha River estuary in Georgia, USA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Wilson Journal of Ornithology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb5046/is_3_122/ai_n55386556/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">122</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">532</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We surveyed male breeding birds in five habitats (bottomland forest, maritime oak [Quercus spp.], pine [Pinus spp.] forest, maritime shrub, saltmarsh) of coastal Georgia, USA using distance-sampling methods to estimate population densities. We examined species-habitat relationships using indicator species analysis (ISA). Acadian Flycatcher (Empidonax virescens) in bottomland forest, Northern Parula (Parula americana) in maritime oak, Brown-headed Nuthatch (Sitta pusilla) in pine forest, Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris) in saltmarsh, and White-eyed Vireo (Vireo griseus) in shrub habitat ranked highest for Partners in Flight (PIF) priority species by densities. The ISA indicated fewer PIF priority species were associated with saltmarsh, but more species (6) were unique to saltmarsh than any other habitat. Indicator species occurred more often in maritime oak than bottomland forest (8 vs. 6), but both habitats had similar numbers of PIF priority species (4). Shrub habitat covered the smallest area (,0.2%) and had three PIF priority species, including Painted Bunting (Passerina ciris), the only PIF species with extremely high priority in this study.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2010-93268</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loomis, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon sequestration and nutrient (N, P) accumulation in river-dominated tidal marshes, Georgia, USA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil Science Society of America Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.soils.org/publications/sssaj/abstracts/74/3/1028</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">74</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1027-1038</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil organic C, N, and P were measured in salt, brackish, and tidal freshwater marshes in river-dominated estuaries (Ogeechee, Altamaha, and Satilla) of the Georgia coast to evaluate the effects of salinity on C, N, and P storageand accumulation. Tidal freshwater marshes had greater concentrations of organic C (10.81% w/w) and N (0.71% w/w)than brackish (7.71% C, 0.50% N) or salt (5.95% C, 0.35% N) marshes. Soil accretion rates of ^137Cs were greaterin tidal freshwater (4.78 mm yr^1) and brackish marshes (4.41 mm yr^1) than in salt marshes (1.91 mm yr^1). Consequently, organic C and N accumulation was greater in tidal freshwater (124 and 8.2 g m^2 yr^1) and brackish (93 and 6.5 g m^2 yr^1) marshes than salt marshes (40 and 2.4 g m^2 yr^1). Phosphorus accumulation was greater in the brackish marshes. Lower salinity tidal freshwater and brackish marshes remove more C, N, and P; however, salt marshes dominate the spatial extent of the study area (60%) vs. brackish (33%) and tidal freshwater marshes (7%). Combinig measurements of C, N, and P accumulation with tidal marsh area, we estimated that tidal freshwater, brackish, and salt marshes stored or removed the equivalent of 2 to 20% of watershed N inputs entering the estuaries from the terrestrial landscape. After accounting for N2 fixation and denitrification, tidal marshes collectively removed the equivalent of 13 to 32% of the N entering estuaries. Tidal marshes, especially tidal freshwater and brackish marshes, are important for improving water quality and decreasing the impacts of Neutrophication of estuarine ecosystems.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2010-93281</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tackett, Nick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosystem development on a coastal barrier island dune chronosequence</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Coastal Research</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.2112/08-1167.1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">726-732</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil and litter organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus were measured across a dune chronosequence on Sapelo Island, Georgia, U.S.A., to characterize ecosystem development and nutrient cycling during primary succession. As successional theory predicts, litter biomass and soil organic matter increased with dune age. The proportion of nutrients contained in the litter also increased with dune age. No litter was present in the grass-dominated foredunes, whereas in the forested dunes litter accounted for 37%, 17%, and 0.11% of the ecosystem (soil plus litter) C, N, and P, respectively. Soil C and N pools increased from the foredunes to older dune classes. Surface soil (0</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2010-93288</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wieski, Kazimierz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guo, Hongyu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pennings, Steven C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosystem functions of tidal fresh, brackish and salt marshes on the Georgia coast</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estuaries and Coasts</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.springerlink.com/content/1207kq6120636357/</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">33</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">161-169</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We examined patterns of habitat function (plant species richness), productivity (plant aboveground biomass and total C), and nutrient stocks (N and P in aboveground plant biomass and soil) in tidal marshes of the Satilla, Altamaha, and Ogeechee Estuaries in Georgia, USA. We worked at two sites within each salinity zone (fresh, brackish, and saline) in each estuary, sampling a transect from the creekbank to the marsh platform. In total, 110 plant species were found. Site-scale and plot-scale species richness decreased from fresh to saline sites. Standing crop biomass and total carbon stocks were greatest at brackish sites, followed by freshwater then saline sites. Nitrogen stocks in plants and soil decreased across sites as salinity increased, while phosphorus stocks did not differ between fresh and brackish sites but were lowest at salty sites. These results generally support past speculation about ecosystem change across the estuarine gradient, emphasizing that ecosystem function in tidal wetlands changes sharply across the relatively short horizontal distance of the estuary. Changes in plant distribution patterns driven by global changes such as sea level rise, changing climates, or fresh water withdrawal are likely to have strong impacts on a variety of wetland functions and services.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2010-93293</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ket, Wes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schubauer-berigan, Joe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of Five Years of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Additions on a Zizaniopsis miliacea Tidal Freshwater Marsh, Georgia (USA).</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aquatic Botany</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">95</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17-23</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of this experiment was to determine if nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) acts as the limiting nutrient for tidal freshwater marsh vegetation. To answer this question, we added N, P, and N+ P to a tidal freshwater marsh dominated by Zizaniopsis miliacea (Michx.) (giant cutgrass) in Georgia, USA, for five years to determine their effects on aboveground and belowground biomass and nutrient (N, P) uptake. Nitrogen and P were applied twice per year at an annual rate of 50 gm-2 year-1 and 10gm-2 year-1, respectively. Aboveground biomass and leaf C, N, and P were sampled in August of each year. Belowground biomass and C, N, and P content were measured in August of year five. After two years, plots receiving N and N+ P had significantly greater aboveground biomass than the control and P plots. This trend continued through the fifth year of the study and resulted in two to three times more aboveground biomass at the end of the fifth year in the N (1570 gm-2) and N+ P (1264 gm-2) plots relative to P (710 gm-2) and control (570 gm-2) plots. After five years of nutrient additions, macro-organic matter (MOM), the living plus dead root and rhizome mat (0</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2010-93280</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jun, Mi hee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of Increased Salinity and Inundation on Inorganic N and P Sorption by Tidal Freshwater Floodplain Forest Soils, Georgia (USA).</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estuaries and Coasts</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2010-93279</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krull, Kandy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosystem development of a sandbar emergent tidal marsh, Altamaha River estuary, Georgia USA</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wetlands</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1672/06-178.1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">314-322</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vegetation structure and soil properties were measured on a sandbar, a three year old sandbar emergent marsh (SEM), and five mature Spartina alterniflora Loisel marshes located near the mouth of the Altamaha River (Georgia, USA) to determine how quickly tidal marsh vegetation and soils develop during primary succession. Those data were compared to published data collected from young (10</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2009-93314</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frost, Josh W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schleicher, Tymeri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on  primary production and invertebrate densities in a Georgia (USA) tidal freshwater marsh.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wetlands</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1672/07-79.1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">196-203</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We added nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and N+P to a Zizaniopsis miliacea (Giant Cutgrass) dominated tidal freshwater marsh in Georgia USA to investigate nutrient limitation of tidal freshwater marsh primary production and invertebrate densities. After two years, aboveground biomass was significantly greater in the plots receiving N (2130 g m-2), and N+P (2066 g m-2) than in the control (886 g m-2) and P (971 g m-2) only treatments. We observed no enrichment of leaf N or P in response to nutrient additions. Rather leaf N decreased and CN increased in plots receiving N, suggesting that leaf N was diluted by increased production of carbon laden structural components used to support increased plant height. NP ratios (molmol) of the plant tissue were consistently &lt; 30 (14</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2009-93309</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clough, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehman, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joye, Samantha B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Park, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pennings, Steven C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guo, Hongyu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Machmuller, Megan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forecasting the effects of accelerated sea level rise on tidal marsh ecosystem services</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/070219</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">73-78</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">We used field and laboratory measurements, geographic information systems, and simulation modeling to investigate the potential effects of accelerated sea-level rise on tidal marsh area and delivery of ecosystem services along the Georgia coast. Model simulations using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) mean and maximum estimates of sea-level rise for the year 2100 suggest that salt marshes will decline in area by 20% and 45%, respectively. The area of tidal freshwater marshes will increase by 2% under the IPCC mean scenario, but will decline by 39% under the maximum scenario. Delivery of ecosystem services associated with productivity (macrophyte biomass) and waste treatment (nitrogen accumulation in soil, potential denitrification) will also decline. Our findings suggest that tidal marshes at the lower and upper salinity ranges, and their attendant delivery of ecosystem services, will be most affected by accelerated sealevel rise, unless geomorphic conditions (ie gradual increase in elevation) enable tidal freshwater marshes to migrate inland, or vertical accretion of salt marshes to increase, to compensate for accelerated sea-level rise.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2009-93301</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neubauer, S.C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baldwin, A.H.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global change and tidal freshwater wetlands: Scenarios and impacts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidal Freshwater Wetlands</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Backhuys Publishers</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leiden, The Netherlands</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">253-310</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2009-93318</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clough, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehman, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joye, Samantha B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Park, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pennings, Steven C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guo, Hongyu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Machmuller, Megan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SLR and ecosystem services: a response to Kirwan and 	Guntenspergen.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://gce-lter.marsci.uga.edu/public/uploads/Craft_et_al_2009_Writeback_20120221T135811.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">127-128</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2009-93302</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Broome, S. W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brinson, M. M.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidal marsh creation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coastal Wetlands</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/716674/description</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amsterdam, The Netherlands</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">715-786</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2009-93300</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertram, Jillian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Broome, S. W.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fath, B. D.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Restoration of coastal zones</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecologicial Engineering</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1st</style></edition><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsevier B.V.</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxford</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">637-644</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2008-93339</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freshwater input structures soil properties, vertical accretion, and nutrient accumulation of Georgia and U.S. tidal marshes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limnology &amp; Oceanography</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">52</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1220-1230</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">To identify relationships between freshwater input and marsh soil properties, measurements of bulk density, nutrients (carbon [C], nitrogen [N], phosphorus [P]), accretion, and accumulation were compared in tidal marshes of three estuaries of Georgia that varied in delivery of freshwater. Soil organic C and N (0-30 cm) were two times greater in marshes of the freshwater-dominated Altamaha River than in the salt marshes of Doboy Sound and Sapelo River. &lt;sup&gt;137&lt;/sup&gt;Cs accretion and accumulation of organic C and N were three to five times greater in freshwater-dominated marshes than in salt marshes. The patterns observed in Georgia marshes were geographically general; data for tidal freshwater and brackish marsh soils compiled from 61 studies in the conterminous United States showed lower bulk density and higher percent organic C and N than salt marshes, regardless of geographic region. Salinity, a proxy for freshwater input, was inversely correlated with percent soil organic C and N and with vertical accretion in Georgia marshes and in marshes elsewhere in the conterminous United States. There was no relationship between above- or belowground emergent plant production and salinity of Georgia marshes but the rate of root decomposition was positively related to salinity, and decomposition rate was negatively related to percent soil organic C and C accumulation. In Georgia tidal marshes and elsewhere, soil organic matter content and accumulation are mediated by freshwater through its effects on decomposition.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2007-93367</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anderson, M. G.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natural and constructed wetlands</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Encyclopedia of Hydrological Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John Wiley and Sons</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1639-1656</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2005-93400</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Craft, Christopher B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soil organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus as indicators of recovery in restored Spartina marshes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecological Restoration</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">87-91</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scientists frequently measure soil properties, such as organic matter, nutrient content and particle size (sand, silt, clay), to gauge the development of functional equivalence in terrestrial and wetland restoration projects (Dancer and others, 1977; Marrs and others, 1981, Craft and others, 1988, 1999; Langis and others, 1991; Li and Daniels, 1994, Daniels and Zipper, 1995; Bishel-Machung and others, 1996; Piehler and others, 1998). Organic matter and nitrogen content are especially useful because they serve as indicators of energy flow (carbon) and nutrient (nitrogen) cycles. Because many ecosystems are nitrogen limited, ecosystem development during primary succession or succession on created, restored, or rehabilitated sites depends on accumulation of nitrogen in the soil and plant biomass (Marrs and others, 1981). In detritus-based ecosystems, such as forests and wetlands, soil organic matter supports secondary production by contributing detritus to hetertrophic organisms (Craft and others, 1999) and labile carbon (C) to fuel microbial processes like denitrification (Thompson and others, 1995) and nitrogen (N) fixation (Piehler and others, 1998).</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2001-93486</style></accession-num></record></records></xml>