<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freshwaters: Managing across scales in space and time</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freshwaters: Managing across scales in space and time</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chapter 25: Polar Systems</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evidence and implications of recent climate change in northern Alaska and other arctic regions.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biodiversity, distributions and adaptations of Arctic species in the context of environmental change</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects on landscape and regional processes and feedbacks to the climate system.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects on the function of Arctic ecosystems in the short- and long-term perspectives.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects on the structure of Arctic ecosystems in the short- and long-term.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Key findings and extended summaries.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Past changes in Arctic terrestrial ecosystems, climate and UV radiation.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rationale, concepts and approach to the assessment.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Responses to projected changes in climate and UV-B at the species level.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synthesis of effects in four Arctic subregions.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uncertainties and recommendations</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CO2 exchange between air and water in an arctic Alaskan and mid-latitude Swiss lake: the importance of convective mixing.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primary and secondary stem growth in Arctic shrubs: Implications for community response to environmental change.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global change and arctic ecosystems: is lichen decline a function of increases in vascular plant biomass?</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Species composition interacts with fertilizer to control long-term change in tundra productivity.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The controls on net ecosystem productivity along an Arctic transect: a model comparison with flux measurements.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecosystem consequences of changing biodiversity.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Climatic effects on tundra carbon storage inferred from experimental data and a model</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impacts of global change on composition of arctic communities: implications for ecosystem functioning</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reconstruction and analysis of historical changes in carbon storage in arctic tundra</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physiological and growth responses of arctic plants to a field experiment simulating climatic change</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-term responses to factorial, NPK fertilizer treatment by Alaskan wet and moist tundra sedge species</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Responses of Arctic tundra to experimental and observed changes in climate</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preferential use of organic nitrogen for growth by a nonmycorrhial arctic sedge.</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arctic ecosystems in a changing climate: an ecophysiological perspective</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arctic physiological ecology in an ecosystems context</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arctic Plant physiological ecology: A challenge for the future</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global change and the carbon balance of arctic ecosystems</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon/nutrient balance as a predictor of plant defense in Alaskan balsam poplar: potential importance of metabolite turnover</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Element cycling in taiga forests: state-factor control</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Production: Biomass relationships and element cycling in contrasting arctic vegetation types</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The winter chemical defense of Alaskan poplar against snowshoe hares</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Competition causes regular spacing of alder in Alaskan shrub tundra</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Differences in growth and nutrient use among arctic plant growth forms</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Differences in carbon and nutrient fractions among arctic growth forms</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Productivity and nutrient cycling of Alaskan tundra: enhancement by flowing soil water</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of fertilizer on production and biomass of tussock tundra, Alaska, U.S.A</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental controls over carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus fractions in Eriophorum vaginatum in Alaskan tussock tundra</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Factors limiting seasonal growth and peak biomass accumulation in Eriophorum vaginatum in Alaskan tussock tundra</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Growth and flowering in Eriophorum vaginatum: Annual and latitudinal variation</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant phenols and nutrients in relation to variations in climate and rodent grazing</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reproduction of Eriophorum vaginatum by seed in Alaskan tussock tundra</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arctic</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estimated ages of mature tussocks of Eriophorum vaginatum along a latitudinal gradient in central Alaska, U.S.A</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Individualistic growth response of tundra plant species to environmental manipulations in the field</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The physiological ecology of arctic plants</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Limiting factors for plant growth in northern ecosystems</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant-soil processes in (Eriophorum vaginatum) tussock tundra in Alaska: a systems modeling approach</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demographic patterns of seedling establishment and growth of native graminoids in an Alaskan tundra disturbance</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Revegation of arctic disturbed sites by native tundra plants</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spring growth of shoots and roots in shrubs of an Alaskan muskeg</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taiga ecosystems in interior Alaska</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temperature control over root growth and root biomass in taiga forest trees</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phosphate absorption and root respiration of different plant growth forms from northern Alaska</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Changes in Soil Properties and Vegetation Following Disturbance of Alaskan Arctic Tundra</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The mineral nutrition of wild plants</style>

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<style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Response to Fertilization by Various Plant Growth Forms in an Alaskan Tundra: Nutrient Accumulation and Growth</style>