<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McFrederick, Quinn S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuentes, J.D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roulston, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathilankal, James C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lerdau, Manuel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of air pollution on biogenic volatiles and ecological interactions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oecologia</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VCR</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DOI 10.1007/s00442-009-1318-9</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2009-82833</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McFrederick, Quinn S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathilankal, James C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuentes, J.D.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Air pollution modifies floral scent trails</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Environment</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VCR</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;Go to ISI&gt;://000255163200006</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2336</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Floral hydrocarbons provide essential signals to attract pollinators. As soon as they are emitted to the atmosphere, however, hydrocarbons are destroyed by chemical reactions involving pollutants such as ozone. It is therefore likely that increased air pollution interferes with pollinator attracting hydrocarbon signals. To test this hypothesis, a Lagrangian diffusion model was used to determine the position of air parcels away from hydrocarbon sources and to estimate the rate of chemical destruction of hydrocarbons as air parcels moved across the landscape. The hydrocarbon compounds linalool, b-myrcene, and b-ocimene were chosen because they are known to be common scents released from flowers. The suppressed ambient abundances of volatile organic compounds were determined in response to increased regional levels of ozone, hydroxyl, and nitrate radicals. The results indicate that the documented increases in air pollution concentrations, from pre-industrial to present times, can lead to reductions in volatile compound concentrations insects detect as they pollinate flowers. For highly reactive volatiles the maximum downwind distance from the source at which pollinators can detect the scents may have changed from kilometers during pre-industrial times to o200m during the more polluted conditions of present times. The increased destruction of floral signals in polluted air masses may have important implications for both pollinators and signaling plants. When patches of flowers are further apart than the visual range of pollinators, such as in fragmented landscapes, the loss of scent signals may mean that pollinators spend more time searching for patches and less time foraging. This decrease in pollinator foraging efficiency will simultaneously decrease the pollinators reproductive output and the amount of pollen flow in flowering plants.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2008-82107</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathilankal, James C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon and Energy Flow Dynamics in a Coastal Salt Marsh</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dept. of Environmental Sciences</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VCR</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.vcrlter.virginia.edu/thesis/Kathilankal2008/kathilankal_james_c_2008.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Virginia</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charlottesville, VA</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">194</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This dissertation is based on measurements from a flux tower system utilizing eddy covariance methodology and other micrometeorological sensors during the period from May 2007 to December 2007 at the eastern shore of Virginia, USA over an intertidal salt marsh. Leaf level physiology measurements were undertaken to relate leaf-level exchange processes to ecosystem level. The particular physiology of Spartina alterniflora with a decreased phospho-enol pyruvate (PEP) carboxylase activity and low light saturation capacity and its implications on ecosystem level exchange processes are identified. Spartina alterniflora dominated intertidal salt marshes are moderate sinks for carbon fixing about 8-10</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2008-82602</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathilankal, James C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mozdzer, Thomas J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuentes, J.D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuentes, J.D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McGlathery, K. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zieman, J.C.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tidal influences on carbon assimilation by a salt marsh</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental Research Letters</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VCR</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/1748-9326/3/4/044010/erl8_4_044010.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">044010</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The processes influencing ecosystem-level carbon exchange (NEE) between a salt marsh in the eastern shore of Virginia and the atmosphere were investigated for the 2004 growing season. Impacts of tidal inundation on the marsh NEE were quantified using eddy covariance measurements. The salt marsh was dominated by smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) whose height and leaf area were 62.2&amp;#61617;1.9 cm and 2.2&amp;#61617;0.3, respectively. Maximum daytime NEE amounted to -10 &amp;#956;mol CO2 m-2 s-1 in July and August. For the 2004 growing season, the marsh consumed 130 gC m-2. Tidal activity flooded the marsh and caused reductions in NEE, ranging from 3-91% compared to non-flooded conditions and with an average of 46</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2008-82603</style></accession-num></record></records></xml>