<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collins, Scott L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clark, Christopher M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suding, Katherine N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cleland, Elsa E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Batty, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pennings, Steven C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gross, Katherine L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grace, James B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gough, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fargione, Joseph E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rank clocks and plant community dynamics</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SEV</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/07-1646.1</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3534-3541</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Summarizing complex temporal dynamics in communities is difficult to achieve in a way that yields an intuitive picture of change. Rank clocks and rank abundance statistics provide a graphical and analytical framework for displaying and quantifying community dynamics. We used rank clocks, in which the rank order abundance for each species is plotted over time in temporal clockwise direction, to display temporal changes in species abundances and richness. We used mean rank shift and proportional species persistence to quantify changes in community structure in long-term data sets from fertilized and control plots in a late successional old field, frequently and infrequently burned tallgrass prairie, and Chihuahuan desert grassland and shrubland communities. Rank clocks showed that relatively constant species richness masks considerable temporal dynamics in relative species abundances. In the old field, fertilized plots initially experienced high mean rank shifts that stabilized rapidly below that of unfertilized plots. Rank shifts were higher in infrequently burned vs. annually burned tallgrass prairie and in desert grassland compared to shrubland vegetation. Proportional persistence showed that arid grasslands were more dynamic than mesic grasslands. We conclude that rank clocks and rank abundance statistics provide important insights into community dynamics that are often hidden by traditional univariate approaches.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2008-93338</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cleland, Elsa E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burke, Indie C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lauenroth, G. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robertson, J. C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simpson, Juliet C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tilman, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suding, Katherine N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clark, Christopher M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collins, Scott L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fargione, Joseph E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gough, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gross, Katherine L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milchunas, Daniel G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pennings, Steven C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowman, W. D.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Species responses to nitrogen fertilization in herbaceous plant communities, and associated species traits</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ARC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1175</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This synthetic dataset contains plant species relative abundance measures from 35 nitrogen (N) fertilization experiments conducted at 10 sites across North America. The dataset encompasses the fertilization responses of 691 species from 1,159 experimental plots. The methodology varied among experiments, in particular with regards to the type and amount of N added, plot size, species composition measure (biomass harvest, pin count or percent cover), additional experimental manipulations, and experimental duration. At each site, each species has been classified according to a number of easily identified categorical functional traits, including life history, life form, the number of cotyledons, height relative to the canopy, potential for clonal growth, and nativity to the United States.  Additional data are available for many sites, indicated by references to publications and websites.  Analyses of these data have shown that N enrichment significantly alters community composition in ways that are predictable on the basis of plant functional traits as well as environmental context.  This dataset could be used to answer a variety of questions about how plant community composition and structure respond to environmental changes.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2008-93337</style></accession-num></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clark, Christopher M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cleland, Elsa E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collins, Scott L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fargione, Joseph E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gough, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gross, Katherine L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pennings, Steven C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suding, Katherine N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grace, James B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Environmental and plant community determinants of species loss following nitrogen enrichment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ecology Letters</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CDR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">596-607</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global energy use and food production have increased nitrogen inputs to ecosystems worldwide, impacting plant community diversity, composition, and function. Previous studies show considerable variation across terrestrial herbaceous ecosystems in the magnitude of species loss following nitrogen (N) enrichment. What controls this variation remains unknown. We present results from 23 N-addition experiments across North America, representing a range of climatic, soil and plant community properties, to determine conditions that lead to greater diversity decline. Species loss in these communities ranged from 0 to 65% of control richness. Using hierarchical structural equation modelling, we found greater species loss in communities with a lower soil cation exchange capacity, colder regional temperature, and larger production increase following N addition, independent of initial species richness, plant productivity, and the relative abundance of most plant functional groups. Our results indicate sensitivity to N addition is co-determined by environmental conditions and production responsiveness, which overwhelm the effects of initial community structure and composition.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LTER.2007-93366</style></accession-num></record></records></xml>